FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standards) codes are numerical identifiers assigned by the U.S. government to uniquely identify geographic areas, including states, counties, and other entities. Each state has a unique two-digit FIPS code, while counties and boroughs within states have additional codes to distinguish them. FIPS codes are often used in data reporting, geographic information systems (GIS), and government databases for consistency and accuracy in identifying regions.

For Alaska:

• The state of Alaska is assigned the FIPS code 02.
• Since Alaska doesn't have traditional counties like other U.S. states, it is divided into boroughs and census areas. Each of these boroughs and areas has its own unique three-digit FIPS code.

Examples:

• Anchorage Municipality: FIPS code 02020
• Fairbanks North Star Borough: FIPS code 02090
• Bethel Census Area: FIPS code 02050

FIPS Codes are used for:

1. Data standardization: To ensure consistency when collecting, analyzing, and reporting geographic data.
2. Mapping and GIS: FIPS codes make it easier to manage and map regions.
3. Federal and state reporting: Government agencies use FIPS codes in various datasets, such as census data, disaster response, or environmental monitoring.

In Alaska, the FIPS code system is particularly useful because it helps distinguish areas that may not align with traditional county definitions found in the lower 48 states.